The Northern Wars: War, State and Society in Northeastern Europe, 1558 - 1721 (Modern Wars In Perspective) by Robert I. Frost

Author:Robert I. Frost [Frost, Robert I.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781317898573
Publisher: Taylor and Francis
Published: 2014-09-25T00:00:00+00:00

Notes

1

Ochmann, Sejrny p. 35; Filipczak-Kocur, Skarb koronny za WładysławaIVpp. 9–10.

2

Seredyka, Sejm p. 39.

3

W. Pałucki, Drogi i bezdroża skarbowości polskiej XVI i pierwszej połowy XVII wieku (2nd edn, Wrocław, 1974) pp. 34–9; A. Sucheni-Grabowska, ‘Losy egzekucji dóbr w Koronie w latach 1574–1650’ KH 80 (1973) p. 4.

4

Ibid. pp. 4–5.

5

Ibid. p. 6; Sucheni-Grabowska, ‘Walka o wymiar i przeznaczenie kwarty w końcu XVI i na początku XVII wieku’ PH 54 (1965) p. 28 n. 16.

6

Sucheni-Grabowska, ‘Losy’ p. 17.

7

Pałucki, Drogi p. 152; the same was true of Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł: Siekierski, ‘Landed wealth’ II p. 263.

8

Filipczak-Kocur, Skarb litewski p. 42,

9

Radziwiłł to the bishop of Wilno, 5.III.1622, Sprawy p. 174.

10

N.M. Iakovenko, Ukrains’ka shliakhta z kintsia XIVdo seredini XVIIst (Kiev, 1993) pp. 196–7, table 17. The top fourteen families in the Bratslav palatinate controlled 85.7 per cent of the hearths: Z. Anusik, ‘Struktura społeczna szlachty bracławskiej w świetle taryfy podymnego z 1629 roku’ PH 76 (1985) p. 243.

11

Z. Wójcik, Dzikie pola w ogniu (3rd edn, Warsaw, 1968) p. 140.

12

J. Wimmer, Wojsko polskie w drugiej połowie XVII wieku (Warsaw, 1965) p. 35.

13

C. Kumke, ‘Die Reform der Registerkosaken im Jahre 1638’ FOG 48 (1993) pp. 105–24.

14

G. Gajecky and A. Baran, The Cossacks in the Thirty Tears War 2 vols (Rome, 1969, 1983) print some useful documents, but their arguments are tendentious and wholly unconvincing. For a sceptical and informed consideration of the legend that Khmelnytsky and the Zaporozhians served the French at the siege of Dunkirk, see Z. Wójcik, ‘Czy Kozacy Zaporoscy byli na służbie Mazarina?’ PH 64 (1973) pp. 575–85.

15

See the excellent discussion in C. Kumke, Führer und Geführte bei den Zaporoger Kosaken (Berlin, 1993), pp. 56–8.

16

Wimmer, Wojsko polskie pp. 32–3, 35.

17

Wójckik, Dzikie p. 157.

18

Lipiński estimates that there were 663 noble names in the register, representing 1,324 individuals; he classes another 550 names (660 individuals) as of doubtful status. W. Lipiński, ‘Stanisław Michał Krajewski. Z dziejów walki szlachty ukraińskiej w szeregach powstańczych pod wodzą Bohdana Chmielnickiego’ in idem (ed.)Z dziejów Ukrainy (Kiev, Crakow, 1912) pp. 160, 486–90.

19

The size of Wiśniowiecki’s force is usually cited as 6,000. Wimmer argues that the reason only 2–3,000 arrived was due to heavy desertion: Wojsko polskie p. 40. It may have been because Wiśnioweicki’s ‘private army’ was smaller than is frequently maintained.

20

Based on ibid. p. 49.

21

For the political crisis, see R.I. Frost, After the Deluge. Poland-Lithuania and the Second Northern War (Cambridge, 1993) chapter 1.

22

Chernov, Vooruzhenye pp. 137–8; Hellie, Enserfment pp. 186, 192; B. Davies, ‘Village into garrison: the militarized peasant communities of southern Muscovy’ RR 51 (1992) pp. 481–501.

23

Hellie, Enserfrnent p. 269.

24

Ibid. p. 183.

25

Sahanovich, Neviadomaia p. 10; A.N. Mal’tsev, Rossiia i Belorussiia v seredine XVII veka (Moscow, 1974) pp. 29, 34.

26

H. Wisner, ‘Działalność wojskowa Janusza Radziwiłła, 1648–1655’ RB 13 (1976) p. 93.

27

L. Kubala, Wojna moskiewska (Warsaw, 1910) p. 229; Sahanovich, Neviadomaia pp. 12, 21.

28

Wisner, ‘Dzialalność’ pp. 96–7; Sahanovich, Neviadomaia pp. 34–9; Kubala, Wojna moskiewska p. 274.

29

Wimmer, Wojsko polskie p. 83.

30

Mal’tsev, Rossiia p. 88.

31

Sahanovich, Neviadomaia pp. 44–5.

32

J. Wimmer, ‘Przegląd operacji w wojnie polsko-szwedzkie 1655–1660’ in idem (ed.) Wojna pobko-szwedska 1655–1660 (Warsaw, 1973) pp.

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